每日英语口语练习：2026-08-17（星期一）
TED 演讲：Carol Dweck《The Power of Believing That You Can Improve》（相信你可以进步的力量），TEDxNorrkoping 2014。她提出「成长型思维 vs 固定型思维」，用「Not Yet（尚未）」这个评分妙招说明：能力可以通过努力培养，失败不是终点而是学习曲线上的路标。金句「Not Yet 给你一条通向未来的路」是观点表达的绝佳范本。
1. 📖 原文（核心段落）
来源：Carol Dweck《The Power of Believing That You Can Improve》（TEDxNorrkoping 2014）演讲实录节选（约 280 词，据公开演讲文本整理）
The Power of “Not Yet”
I heard about a high school in Chicago where students had to pass a certain number of courses to graduate, and if they didn’t pass a course, they got the grade “Not Yet.” And I thought that was fantastic, because if you get a failing grade, you think, “I’m nothing, I’m nowhere.” But if you get the grade “Not Yet,” you understand that you’re on a learning curve. It gives you a path into the future.
“Not Yet” also gave me insight into a critical event early in my career, a real turning point. I wanted to see how children coped with challenge and difficulty, so I gave 10-year-olds problems that were slightly too hard for them. Some of them reacted in a shockingly positive way. They said things like, “I love a challenge!” or “You know, I was hoping this would be informative!” They understood that their abilities could be developed. They had what I call a growth mindset. But other students felt it was tragic, catastrophic. From their more fixed mindset perspective, their intelligence had been up for judgment, and they failed. Instead of luxuriating in the power of yet, they were gripped in the tyranny of now.
The growth mindset is based on the belief that your basic qualities are things you can cultivate through your efforts. In one study, we told students that every time they pushed out of their comfort zone to learn something new and difficult, the neurons in their brain could form new, stronger connections, and over time they could get smarter. The passion for stretching yourself and sticking to it, even when it’s not going well, is the hallmark of the growth mindset.
2. 🎬 视频/音频资源
- YouTube 原始演讲录像《The power of believing that you can improve | Carol Dweck | TEDxNorrkoping》（10:21）：https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_X0mgOOSpLU —— 语速适中、故事性强，适合精听与影子跟读
- TED.com 官方页面（含逐字文稿 Transcript）：https://www.ted.com/talks/carol_dweck_the_power_of_believing_that_you_can_improve —— 可对照原文逐句精听，查证词句
3. 📝 重点词汇
| 词汇 | 音标 | 释义 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|---|
| mindset | /ˈmaɪndset/ | 思维模式、心态 | A growth mindset helps you see failure as a stepping stone. |
| cultivate | /ˈkʌltɪveɪt/ | 培养、培育 | You can cultivate new skills through deliberate practice. |
| hallmark | /ˈhɔːlmɑːk/ | 标志、特征 | Persistence is the hallmark of successful learners. |
| neuron | /ˈnjʊərɒn/ | 神经元 | Every time you learn, your neurons form new connections. |
| catastrophic | /ˌkætəˈstrɒfɪk/ | 灾难性的 | He treated a small mistake as a catastrophic failure. |
| tyranny | /ˈtɪrəni/ | 暴政、专横（比喻压迫） | Fixed-mindset students are gripped by the tyranny of now. |
| luxuriate | /lʌɡˈʒʊərieɪt/ | 尽情享受 | Instead of luxuriating in the power of yet, she panicked. |
| stretch | /stretʃ/ | 伸展、挑战（自己） | Real growth happens when you stretch beyond your comfort zone. |
4. 💬 跟读练习建议
- 第一遍：完整听一遍官方视频（10:21），只抓大意，不暂停。
- 第二遍：对照本节选段落逐句精听，重点听「Not Yet」与「tyranny of now」两处对比句的语调差异。
- 影子跟读：跟读第一段（「I heard about a high school…」到「…a path into the future.」），模仿 Dweck 讲故事时平稳、笃定的节奏。
- 脱稿复述：合上文稿，用自己的话复述「Not Yet 评分 → 10 岁孩子的两种反应 → 神经元研究」这条论证链，控制在 90 秒内。
5. 🔄 即兴口语练习
- 观点表态：你同意「失败不是终点，而是学习曲线上的路标」吗？用 3 分钟英文陈述立场，并给一个亲身例子。
- 情景对话：朋友考试失利说「I’m just not good at English.」——用成长型思维的观点劝他，至少说出 3 句英文回应。
- 一分钟演讲：以「A time I pushed out of my comfort zone」为题即兴讲述一次突破舒适区的经历，用上本课词汇（mindset / cultivate / stretch）。
- 词汇复述：用 hallmark、catastrophic、tyranny 三个词编一段 60 秒的「失败观」陈述。
6. 📋 发音技巧提示
- /ŋ/ 后鼻音：
believing、growing、stretching中的 -ing 要发 /ŋ/（舌根抵软腭），不要发成 /n/；练习时拖长尾音感受鼻腔共鸣。 - /j/ 与 /dʒ/ 区分：
yet/jet/ 是清轻的 /j/，judgment/ˈdʒʌdʒmənt/ 是浊重的 /dʒ/——对比跟读 yet / jet / judge 三词。 - 重音位置：
ca-ta-STRO-phic重音在第二音节；LUX-uri-ate重音在第一音节；MINDSET、HALLmark重音在第一音节。 - 弱读：
they got the grade中 the 弱读为 /ðə/；you're on a learning curve中 you’re 弱读为 /jə/，重读 learning 与 curve。 - 句末语调：陈述观点时句末降调示笃定，如「…a path into the future.」；引用学生的话「I love a challenge!」时用升调上扬，模仿 Dweck 惟妙惟肖的转述。